Hypertension is sustained elevation of resting systolic BP (? 140 mm Hg), diastolic BP (? 90 mm Hg), or both. Hypertension with no known cause (primary; formerly, essential hypertension) is most common; hypertension with an identified cause (secondary hypertension) is usually due to a renal disorder. Usually, no symptoms develop unless hypertension is severe or long-standing. Diagnosis is by sphygmomanometry. Tests may be done to determine cause, assess damage, and identify other cardiovascular risk factors. Treatment involves lifestyle changes and drugs, including diuretics, ?-blockers, ACE inhibitors, angiotensin II receptor blockers, and Ca channel blockers. If you do not control your hypertension, you are likely to get diabetes. The following guidelines may reduce your hypertension to a certain extent. Low sodium intake.(Sodium chloride, Monosodium glutamate, Sodium bicarbonate) *Regular exercise. *Stop tobacco smoking. *Stop consuming alcohol. *Reduce fat and oils in the diet. *Obesity - In obese subjects, losing a kilogram of mass generally reduces blood pressure by 2 mmHg. (Abdominal circumference should be less than 100 cms) *Control Diabetes Mellitus. *Avoid worry and stress. *Avoid occupational, aircraft and roadway noise exposure. Eat a low-cholesterol, low-fat diet. This kind of diet includes cottage cheese, fat-free milk, fish (not canned in oil), vegetables, poultry, egg whites, and polyunsaturated oils and margarines (corn, safflower, canola, and soybean oils). Avoid foods with excess fat in them such as meat (especially liver and fatty meat), egg yolks, whole milk, cream, butter, shortening, lard, pastries, cakes, cookies, gravy, peanut butter, chocolate, olives, potato chips, coconut, cheese (other than cottage cheese), coconut oil, palm oil, and fried foods.