Hi. I am so sorry to hear about your sons head injury. Diffuse Axonal Injury is a pretty tough issue to deal with. I hope he is getting his physical therapy and occupational therapy. Now, on to the encephalomalacia and gliosis . The word Encephalomalacia just means that there is a decreased amount of brain tissue in the region where they have noticed the encephalomalacia. Gliosis simply means that the glial cells (the helper cells for the neurons in the brain) have started migrating to the area to try and heal that region of the brain. So all in all you can take gliosis to mean that the brain is trying to fix itself in those regions. All of what you have mentioned here are natural outcomes of a Diffuse Axonal Injury. The symptoms are varied, but they can include things like severe fatigue, memory loss, confusion, movement disorders and emotional issues... It really depends on what part of the brain is affected. Since we are talking about the frontal lobe, i am a little more sanguine, because if only one of them is affected, there is a chance that the OTHER, UNAFFECTED lobe will take over and your son should recover quite well. The frontal lobe has alot of control over emotion, speech, decision making and in general what we call executive decision making , so you might expect to see issues there. The main thing you have to look into the prevention of os the development of FrontoTemporal Degeneration (FTD), that eventually leads to dementia. The single most effective intervention beyond initial emergency care is PHYSICAL, OCCUPATIONAL AND SPEECH THERAPY. Under no circumstances should thse things be neglected. I hope this helps. If you would like a more personalized discussion with me or any of the other neurospecialists, you can use our Ask a Specialist service and we will get back to you right away. Take care, my best to your Son, you and your family. Vinay