The nasal septum is the structure between the nostrils that separates the nasal passages. The septum composed of cartilage and thin bone can develop a hole or perforation in the cartilage.

Signs and symptoms of nasal perforations

• Frequent crusting
• Bleeding, epistaxis
• Whistling sound while breathing.
• Nasal obstruction
• Runny nose.

Causes of nasal septal perforation

• Previous nasal surgery
• Cocaine use
• Excessive nose picking
• Trauma
• Cancer
• Diseases like tuberculosis, sarcoidosis, syphilis

Treatment:

Many perforations need not be closed. Small perforations may need only frequent rinsing with salt water or saline solutions and applying lubricating gels.

Severe surgical techniques may be used to close a larger perforation.