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HIV tests detect the presence of the human immunodeficiency virus in serum, saliva, and sometimes also urine. Mainly antibodies against the virus, viral antigens, or the viral RNA are detected by the investigations. The tests are described in terms of their sensitivity and specificity. Tests may produce false positive and false negative results depending on the method of the test and taking into consideration human errors.

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Epileptic surgery

Surgery for epilepsy is an effective mode of intervention with advancement in technology. The type of seizure and its location in the brain helps to plan the surgery.

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Treatment of AIDS

Once a patient is found HIV positive, there are chances that he may develop AIDS one or the other day. There are various guidelines to treat a patient of AIDS. The aim of the treatment is to boost the immunity against the virus. Once the virus is active inside a patient?s body it will destroy the CD4 cells in the blood which are the chief cells which protect the body from the various infections.

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Heat stroke

Heat stroke is a form of hyperthermia caused due to abnormal elevation of the body temperature. It is an acute emergency medical condition. It is extremely fatal if untreated.

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How can allergy be managed at home

Allergy is an overreaction of the immune system to a foreign substance such as pollen, dust mites, mold spores, food, insect stings, medicines etc causing symptoms that can range from mild irritation to life threatening anaphylaxis including death

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Prevention of AIDS

HIV infection finally leads to the development of the AIDS. After the HIV infection it takes some years for the AIDS to set in. Once a patient starts getting opportunistic infections then the stage is termed as Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS).

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Risk factors for stroke

Risk factors for stroke are the factors which do not causes the stroke directly but has association with the stroke in one or other way. The chance of getting stroke is high if there is presence of risk factors.

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Transient ischemic attack

Transient ischemic attack is also known as mini stroke or warning stroke. It occurs due to changes in the blood supply to a particular area of the brain leading to neurological symptoms which may present for less than 24 hours.

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Back Pain

Pain that persists in the back longer than 12 weeks and attributed to degenerative or traumatized conditions of the spine which is the most common cause of activity limitation. Acute back pain comes on suddenly and lasts for few days to weeks and if it stays for more than 3 months it is called chronic back pain.

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Thyroid surgery

Thyroid operations are used for patients who have a variety of thyroid conditions, including both cancerous and benign (non-cancerous) thyroid nodules, large thyroid glands (goiters), and overactive thyroid glands.

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