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What is black foot disease (BFD)? Black Foot Disease (BFD) is a type of peripheral vascular disorder characterized by severe thinning or blockage of the small blood vessels in the feet. Blocked blood vessels reduce the blood supply, causing tissue damage due to an improper supply of oxygen and nutrients. Starvation of oxygen and lack of nutrient supply cause blackening and death of tissue if not managed and treated. In the majority of cases, BFD is found to be linked to prolonged exposure to contaminated arsenic water, particularly in those regions where groundwater has high arsenic levels. The arsenic contaminated water results of blood vessels damage, increasing the risk of vascular disease.

Foodborne illness, commonly referred to as food poisoning, is a widespread yet potentially serious condition that results from consuming contaminated food or beverages. While most cases are mild to moderate and resolve on their own without specific medical treatment, some instances can lead to severe health issues, especially in vulnerable populations such as children, the elderly, and individuals with weakened immune systems.

Obesity is a complex health condition resulting from a combination of factors, including environmental, lifestyle, and genetic factors. While people usually emphasize only diet and exercise in discussions about weight management, numerous studies have highlighted the crucial role of DNA in determining a person's susceptibility to weight gain. In other words, some individuals are more easily put on weight than others individuals as they are biological wired to gain weight.

GERD, or acid reflux, occurs when stomach acid flows back into the esophagus. While it can affect individuals of any age, it is most common in adults aged 20 to 40. The primary symptom is heartburn, and if left untreated, GERD can irritate or inflame the esophageal lining. Chronic reflux exposes the lower oesophagus to gastric contents for extended periods, resulting in persistent symptoms.

Celiac disease, also called gluten disease, is an autoimmune condition where the immune system reacts to gluten, a protein found in wheat, rye, barley, and related products. This reaction damages the villi of the small intestine. Gluten exposure prompts the immune system to produce antibodies that attack the lining of the small intestine, weakening digestion. This damage leads to poor nutrient absorption, resulting in malabsorption.