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What is black foot disease (BFD)? Black Foot Disease (BFD) is a type of peripheral vascular disorder characterized by severe thinning or blockage of the small blood vessels in the feet. Blocked blood vessels reduce the blood supply, causing tissue damage due to an improper supply of oxygen and nutrients. Starvation of oxygen and lack of nutrient supply cause blackening and death of tissue if not managed and treated. In the majority of cases, BFD is found to be linked to prolonged exposure to contaminated arsenic water, particularly in those regions where groundwater has high arsenic levels. The arsenic contaminated water results of blood vessels damage, increasing the risk of vascular disease.